Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial disease-causing an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. Meningococcal meningitis is one of the most important bacterial pathogens is Neisseria meningitides because of its potential to cause epidemics. Symptoms include stiff neck, high fever, headaches, and vomiting; bacteria are transmitted from person to person by respiratory droplets and facilitated by close and prolonged contact resulting from crowded living conditions, often with a seasonal distribution. Death occurs in 5-15% of cases, typically within 24-48 hours of symptoms onset. The highest-burden of meningococcal disease occurs in the hyperendemic region of sub-Saharan Africa known as the “Meningitis Belt,” which stretches from Senegal east to Ethiopia.
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