Google Maps and detailed facts of Albania (AL). This page lets you explore Albania and its border countries (Country Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and the Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north) through detailed Satellite imagery – fast and easy as never before Google Maps.
Find comprehensive information about this country’s diversity below: Google maps, geography, economy, science, people, culture, environment, government, and history – All in One Wiki page.
There is also a Street View and free Driving Directions at your service. Your Google Satellite Map Sightseeing in Albania, in Europe, starts here at Driving Directions and Maps.com.
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Table of contents
- Background
- Overview
- Google Maps
- Climate
- Geography
- Resources and Land Use
- Population Data
- Economic Data
- Drinking Water Source
- Population, Median Age, Migration, and Citizenship
- Average Number of Childbirths
- Is this country a Safe Destination?
- Healthcare and Infectious Diseases
- Natural Hazards
- The Flag and Other Symbols
- Constitution
- Legal System
- About the Unemployment Rate, Labor Force, and Poverty Line
- About the Budget and Central Government Debt
- Inflation Rate and Prime Lending Rate
- Export/Import Partners and Data
- Renewable Energies Used
- Telecommunication Data, Calling Code
- Transport Infrastructure
- More Interesting Facts
Background
Albania, a nation with a tumultuous history, proclaimed its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912. However, it soon faced occupation, first by Italy in 1939 and then by Germany in 1943. After the war, Albania experienced a long period of communist rule, aligning itself initially with the USSR and later with China. The early 1990s marked a significant turn as Albania shifted from isolated communist rule to a multiparty democracy. This transition, though progressive, has been challenging, grappling with issues like high unemployment, corruption, and political instability. Albania has progressed in its democratic development since its first multiparty elections in 1991, and in recent years, it has made significant strides, including joining NATO in 2009 and becoming an EU candidate in 2014.
Overview
Today, Albania is a parliamentary republic actively pursuing EU membership. The country has opened EU accession talks in 2022, reflecting its commitment to democratic principles and international cooperation. Despite its progress, Albania remains one of the poorer nations in Europe, with an economy hindered by a sizeable informal sector, a weak infrastructure, and challenges in energy and transportation.
Official Name: Republic of Albania
Date of Formation: Declared independence in 1912
Capital: Tirana
Population: Approximately 3.1 million (as of 2023)
Total Area: 28,748 square kilometers (11,100 square miles)
Population Density: Approximately 107.9 per square kilometer (279.5 per square mile)
Languages: Albanian (official)
Religions: Predominantly Islam, with Christian minorities
Ethnic Origin: Primarily Albanian, with Greek, Macedonian, and other minorities
Government: Parliamentary Republic
Currency: Albanian Lek (ALL)
Literacy Rate: N/A
Calorie Consumption: N/A
Google Maps
Albania, located in Southeastern Europe, can be explored in detail using Google Maps. This tool is invaluable for understanding the country’s geographical layout, including its borders with Greece, Kosovo, and Montenegro, and its extensive coastline along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas.
The map below shows Albania’s cities, towns, highways, main roads, streets, and Street Views. To find a location, use the form below, type any city or place, view a simple map, and click the “show map” button.
The Google map above shows Albania with its location: Europe (geographic coordinates: 41 00 N, 20 00 E) and the international borders of Albania; total: 691 km. Border countries (total: 4): Greece 212 km, Kosovo 112 km, Macedonia 181 km, Montenegro 186 km; furthermore, its inland boundaries.
Climate
Albania’s climate, which is primarily Mediterranean along the coast and continental in its interior, presents a diverse range of weather patterns influenced by its geographical location in Southeast Europe and its varied topography. Here’s an extended overview of Albania’s climatic conditions, incorporating factual and interesting aspects:
- Mediterranean Coastal Climate: The coastal areas of Albania, including cities like Durrës and Vlorë, experience a typical Mediterranean climate. Summers are typically hot and dry, with average temperatures ranging from 24°C to 32°C (75°F to 90°F). Winters are mild and wet, with temperatures rarely falling below 7°C (45°F).
- Continental Climate in the Interior: The interior regions, especially those at higher elevations, experience a continental climate. Cities like Korçë, situated at a higher altitude, have colder winters with more frequent snowfall and cooler summers than the coast. Winter temperatures in these areas can drop below 0°C (32°F), and summer temperatures average around 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
- Precipitation Patterns: Albania’s annual precipitation varies significantly across the country. The western and southwestern regions receive the most rainfall annually, averaging between 1,000 to 1,500 mm (39 to 59 inches). The eastern and northeastern highlands receive less precipitation, averaging around 600 to 800 mm (24 to 31 inches) annually.
- Influence of Mountains: The Albanian Alps in the north and the mountains along the Greek border in the south significantly influence the local climate. These mountain ranges act as a barrier, causing variations in rainfall and temperature within short distances.
- Microclimates: Due to its varied topography, Albania has several microclimates. For instance, the coastal lagoons and wetlands have a unique local climate, supporting diverse ecosystems. The valleys and basins enclosed by mountains can have higher temperatures and lower precipitation than surrounding areas.
- Seasonal Winds: Albania experiences seasonal winds that influence its climate. The Sirocco, a warm wind from Africa, can bring hot, dry weather to the coastal areas, occasionally even in winter. The Bora, a cold northerly wind, is common in the winter and can lead to significantly cooler temperatures, especially in the northern and eastern regions.
- Climate Variability and Change: Like many Mediterranean countries, Albania is experiencing the effects of climate change. This includes increased temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events such as droughts and heavy rainfall, impacting agriculture, water resources, and biodiversity.
- Sunshine and Coastal Climate: The Albanian coast enjoys many sunshine hours, especially during summer. This makes the coastal areas popular for tourism, with beaches and coastal towns attracting visitors for their warm and sunny weather.
- Agricultural Impacts: The climate in Albania allows for diverse agricultural activities. The mild winters and warm summers along the coast are conducive to growing olives, citrus fruits, and grapes. In contrast, the cooler interior regions suit crops like potatoes, wheat, and apples.
- Regional Differences: The climate in Albania can vary noticeably over short distances. For example, the coastal city of Sarandë in the south has a distinctly warmer and more temperate climate compared to the more continental climate of Kukës in the northeastern part of the country.
With its Mediterranean and continental influences, Albania’s climate plays a significant role in shaping the country’s natural landscapes, biodiversity, agricultural practices, and overall lifestyle. Understanding these climatic conditions is crucial for environmental planning, sustainable development, and adapting to the challenges posed by climate change.
Geography
Albania’s geography is indeed characterized by its mountainous terrain, which shapes much of the country’s landscape, climate, and culture. Here’s an extended overview of Albania’s geographical features, including more detailed statistics and information about its neighboring countries:
- Mountainous Terrain: Over 70% of Albania’s land area is covered by mountains and hills. The northern Albanian Alps, part of the Dinaric Alps, are particularly rugged and scenic. These mountains are a significant physical feature and play a crucial role in the country’s biodiversity and cultural heritage.
- Highest Point – Maja e Korabit: Also known as Golem Korab, Maja e Korabit is the highest peak in Albania, standing at 2,764 meters (9,068 feet). It’s part of the Korab mountain range, which forms part of the border with North Macedonia.
- Coastal Plains: Although limited in area, the coastal plains are crucial for agriculture and population centers. These plains are most extensive in the western lowlands, including areas around the capital city, Tirana, and other major cities like Durrës and Vlorë.
- Mean Elevation: Albania’s mean elevation is relatively high at 708 meters (2,323 feet), reflecting its predominantly mountainous terrain. This elevation contributes to the country’s diverse climate and ecosystems.
- Rivers and Lakes: Albania is rich in water resources, with several significant rivers and lakes. The Drin River is the longest in the country, flowing through the northern region. Other important rivers include the Vjosë, Shkumbin, and Seman. Lake Skadar, shared with Montenegro, is the largest lake in Southern Europe and an important habitat for diverse wildlife.
- Surrounding Countries:
- Montenegro: To the northwest, Albania shares a border with Montenegro. This border, approximately 186 kilometers (116 miles) long, runs through mountainous terrain and along the coast of the Adriatic Sea.
- Kosovo: To the northeast, Albania borders Kosovo. This boundary, about 112 kilometers (70 miles) long, is predominantly mountainous, reflecting the region’s rugged terrain.
- North Macedonia: To the east, Albania’s border with North Macedonia stretches around 151 kilometers (94 miles). This border area includes the Korab mountain range and is characterized by highlands and valleys.
- Greece: To the southeast, Albania shares a border with Greece, which is approximately 282 kilometers (175 miles) long. This boundary runs through diverse landscapes, including the Albanian Alps and the coastal lowlands.
- Coastline: Albania has a significant coastline along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, totaling about 362 kilometers (225 miles). The coastline is known for its scenic beauty, with a mix of sandy beaches, rocky coves, and lagoons.
- Biodiversity and Protected Areas: The varied terrain of Albania supports a rich biodiversity. The country has several national parks and protected areas, such as the Llogara National Park in the Ceraunian Mountains and the Butrint National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its ancient ruins and natural beauty.
- Seismic Activity: Albania is located in a seismically active region, with several fault lines running through the country. This geological activity has shaped much of the landscape and continues to pose a risk of earthquakes.
- Climate Influence: The geographical features of Albania, particularly its mountains and coastline, significantly influence its climate. The mountains block the cooler continental air, creating a milder Mediterranean climate along the coast, while the interior experiences more continental climatic conditions.
Albania’s diverse geography, from its high mountains to its coastal plains, not only defines its natural beauty and ecological richness but also influences its cultural and historical development. The country’s terrain and its position in Southeast Europe make it a unique and varied geographical entity.
Resources and Land Use
Albania has various natural resources like petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, and hydropower. The land use is primarily agricultural, with 42.8% of the land dedicated to agriculture (2018 estimate), including 22.3% arable land.
Population Data
As of 2023, Albania’s population stands at approximately 3.1 million. The population is relatively evenly distributed, with higher concentrations in the western and central regions.
Economic Data
Albania’s economy is growing but at a slow pace. It has a GDP (purchasing power parity) of $40.822 billion as of 2021 and a real GDP growth rate of 8.52% in the same year. However, it faces challenges like high debt and account balances, requiring further strengthening of both private and public sectors.
Drinking Water Source
Most of Albania’s population has access to improved drinking water sources, with 97.3% in urban areas and 96.4% in rural areas.
Population, Median Age, Migration, and Citizenship
The median age in Albania is 35.8 years, with a population growth rate of 0.19% (estimated for 2023). The country experiences a negative net migration rate, at -3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population.
Average Number of Childbirths
The average number of childbirths per woman in Albania is 1.55 children (estimated to be 2023).
Is this country a Safe Destination?
Albania is generally considered a safe destination for travelers. However, like any country, it has safer areas than others, and it’s always advisable for travelers to stay informed and cautious.
Healthcare and Infectious Diseases
Albania has an improving healthcare system, with a current health expenditure of 6.7% of GDP (2018). The country has a physician density of 1.88 physicians/1,000 population (2020).
Natural Hazards
The country faces several natural hazards, including destructive earthquakes, tsunamis along the southwestern coast, floods, and droughts.
The Flag and Other Symbols
The national flag of Albania is red, with a black two-headed eagle at the center. The eagle symbolizes the country’s resilience and freedom, reflecting its historic struggles and independence.
Constitution
Albania’s current constitution was adopted by referendum in 1998, with several amendments since then, the latest being in 2020. It lays the foundation for the country’s legal and political framework.
Legal System
Albania has a civil law system, with the northern rural areas still influenced by customary law known as the “Code of Leke”.
About the Unemployment Rate, Labor Force, and Poverty Line
The unemployment rate in Albania stands at 11.82% (2021 estimate), with a significant portion of the labor force employed in agriculture. The country faces a poverty rate of 14.3% (2012 estimate).
About the Budget and Central Government Debt
Albania’s public debt was recorded at 84.06% of GDP in 2020. The country’s budget revenues were $4.19 billion against expenditures of $4.489 billion (2019 estimate).
Inflation Rate and Prime Lending Rate
The inflation rate in Albania was 2.04% in 2021. The country’s financial system is evolving, with several reforms implemented to stabilize the economy.
Export/Import Partners and Data
Albania’s main export partners include Italy, Spain, and Germany, with key exports being leather footwear, electricity, and crude petroleum. Imports, including refined petroleum and cars, mainly come from Italy, Greece, and China.
Renewable Energies Used
Albania relies heavily on hydroelectricity, which accounts for 99.4% of its total installed capacity (2020 estimate). The country is also exploring other renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy.
Telecommunication Data, Calling Code
The country’s telecommunication system is modernizing, focusing on mobile and broadband services. Albania’s country code is +355.
Transport Infrastructure
Albania’s transport infrastructure includes modest roadways, railways, and a ports network. The country is working on improving its transport infrastructure to boost economic growth and regional connectivity.
More Interesting Facts
Albania offers a rich cultural heritage, stunning landscapes, and a diverse culinary scene. It is also known for its hospitality and unique traditions, making it an intriguing destination for travelers.
- Land of Eagles: Albania is often called the “Land of the Eagles”. This is reflected in its national symbol, the double-headed eagle, which can be traced back to the medieval Byzantine period. The country’s name in its native language, Shqipëri, means “Land of the Eagles”.
- Ancient Illyrians: The roots of modern Albanian culture and people can be traced back to the ancient Illyrians, an Indo-European group that inhabited the western Balkans from the 2nd millennium BCE. Their legacy is evident in various archaeological sites and cultural influences.
- Unique Language: The Albanian language, known as Shqip, stands out as a unique branch of the Indo-European language family. It is not directly related to any other European language, preserving its distinct linguistic characteristics.
- Religious Harmony: Albania is known for its religious tolerance and diversity. The country is a mix of Muslims, Orthodox Christians, and Roman Catholics living harmoniously. In fact, Albania was the first country in the world to declare itself an atheist state in 1967, although this policy was reversed in 1990.
- Biodiversity Hotspot: Despite its small size, Albania is remarkably rich in biodiversity. It hosts many ecosystems, from Mediterranean beaches to alpine forests. The country is home to rare species like the Balkan Lynx and has several important national parks, such as Llogara and Butrint.
- Butrint Archaeological Site: The ancient city of Butrint, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a microcosm of Mediterranean history. It features remnants from various eras, including Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Venetian periods, making it a treasure trove for archaeologists and history enthusiasts.
- The Blue Eye Spring: One of Albania’s natural wonders is the Blue Eye (Syri i Kaltër), a water spring near Sarandë with stunningly clear, blue water. It’s a popular tourist spot known for its deep pool that has yet to be fully explored.
- Traditional Bunkers: Albania is dotted with over 170,000 concrete bunkers built during the rule of communist dictator Enver Hoxha. These bunkers, intended for national defense, are a unique and ubiquitous reminder of the country’s isolationist past.
- Albanian Riviera: The Albanian Riviera is a stretch of coastline known for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and vibrant nightlife. It’s increasingly becoming a popular alternative to the crowded Mediterranean resorts in other European countries.
- Iso-Polyphony: The traditional Albanian iso-polyphony music style is recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This unique form of vocal music involves a lead singer with a chorus and is particularly prevalent in the country’s south.
- Skanderbeg, the National Hero: Gjergj Kastrioti, known as Skanderbeg, is a revered national hero in Albania. He was a 15th-century nobleman who led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire and is celebrated for his bravery and resistance.
- Coffee Culture: Coffee is an integral part of Albanian culture. The country has a rich tradition of coffee drinking, with numerous coffee houses that serve as popular social gathering spots.
These facts highlight Albania’s rich history, unique culture, and natural beauty, making it a fascinating country with much to offer its residents and visitors.
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