Google Maps and Detailed Facts of Bulgaria (BU). This page lets you explore Bulgaria and its border countries (Country Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, Romania, and Turkey) through detailed Satellite imagery – fast and easy as never before Google Maps.
Find comprehensive information about this country’s diversity below: Google maps, geography, economy, science, people, culture, environment, government, and history – All in One Wiki page.
There is also a Street View and free Driving Directions at your service. Your Google Satellite Map Sightseeing in Bulgaria, Europe, starts here at Driving Directions and Maps.com.
About Bulgaria in detail
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Table of contents
- Background
- Overview
- Google Maps
- Climate
- Geography
- Resources and Land Use
- Population Data
- Economic Data
- Drinking Water Source
- Population, Median Age, Migration, and Citizenship
- Average Number of Childbirths
- Is this country a Safe Destination?
- Healthcare and Infectious Diseases
- Natural Hazards
- The Flag and Other Symbols
- Constitution
- Legal System
- About the Unemployment Rate, Labor Force, and Poverty Line
- About the Budget and Central Government Debt
- Inflation Rate and Prime Lending Rate
- Export/Import Partners and Data
- Renewable Energies Used
- Telecommunication Data, Calling Code
- Transport Infrastructure
- More Interesting Facts
Background
Bulgaria’s history is a blend of cultures and influences, with the Bulgars, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, merging with the local Slavic inhabitants in the late 7th century to form the first Bulgarian state. Over the centuries, Bulgaria has seen numerous battles for sovereignty, especially with the Byzantine Empire and later the Ottoman Empire. The country attained autonomy in 1878 and full independence in 1908. Post-World War II, it became a People’s Republic under Soviet influence, transitioning to a democracy with a market economy in 1990. Bulgaria joined NATO in 2004 and the EU in 2007.
Overview
The first Bulgarian state was formed in the late 7th century, when the Bulgars, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, united with the local Slavic inhabitants. Over the centuries, Bulgaria struggled against the Byzantine Empire to assert its place in the Balkans. However, by the end of the 14th century, it was conquered by the Ottoman Turks. Northern Bulgaria gained autonomy in 1878 and complete independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
Official Name: Republic of Bulgaria
Capital: Sofia
Population: 6,827,736 (2023 estimate)
Total Area: 110,879 sq km
Languages: Bulgarian (official), Turkish, Romani
Religions: Christian 64.7%, Muslim 9.8%, other 0.1%, none 4.7%, unspecified 20.7%
Ethnic Groups: Bulgarian 78.5%, Turkish 7.8%, Roma 4.1%, others
Government: Parliamentary republic
Currency: Bulgarian Lev (BGN)
Literacy Rate: 98.4%
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): $167.804 billion (2021 estimate)
Bulgaria Google Maps
Bulgaria, located in Southeastern Europe bordering the Black Sea, offers a rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty. Google Maps provides an interactive way to explore its diverse landscapes, from the rugged Balkan Mountains to the Black Sea coast’s sandy beaches and historic cities like Sofia, Plovdiv, and Varna.
The map below shows Bulgaria’s cities, towns, highways, main roads, streets, and Street Views. To find a location, use the form below, type any city or place, view a simple map, and click the “show map” button.
The Google map above shows Bulgaria with its location: Europe (geographic coordinates: 43 00 N, 25 00 E) and the international borders of Bulgaria; total: 1,806 km. Border countries (total: 5): Greece 472 km, Macedonia 162 km, Romania 605 km, Serbia 344 km, Turkey 223 km; furthermore, it’s inland counties boundaries.
The map of Bulgaria and Europe is for informational use only. No representation is made or warrantied given any map or content by the Driving Directions and Maps site. The user assumes all risks of using this Bulgaria Google map and facts/wiki.
Climate
Bulgaria’s temperate climate significantly shapes the country’s natural landscapes and contributes to its appeal as a tourist destination throughout the year. Here’s a detailed look at the climatic conditions of Bulgaria and their effects:
- Distinct Seasons: Bulgaria experiences four distinct seasons. The temperate climate results in cold winters and hot summers, with spring and autumn being transitional and generally mild.
- Winter Climate: In winter, temperatures can drop below freezing, especially in the interior and mountainous areas. Snowfall is common, particularly in the higher elevations, making Bulgaria a popular destination for winter sports like skiing. The average winter temperature ranges from -2 °C to 6°C (28°F to 43°F).
- Summer Weather: Summers are typically hot and dry, with temperatures often exceeding 30°C (86°F) in July and August, particularly in the lowland regions and along the Black Sea coast. The warm summer climate is ideal for beach tourism and outdoor activities.
- Rainfall Patterns: The country receives varied amounts of precipitation. The higher mountain areas tend to receive more rainfall and snow, while the northern and southern lowlands are relatively drier. The average annual precipitation is around 500-800 mm, which can be higher in the mountains.
- Influence of Mountains and Sea: Bulgaria’s climate is influenced by its topography. The Balkan Mountains can block cold air from the north, while the Black Sea influences the climate of the eastern regions, making it milder compared to the interior.
- Climate Zones: The country can be divided into several climatic zones. The northern and central regions have a continental climate, the eastern regions have a more maritime climate due to the Black Sea, and the southern regions, including the valley of the Maritsa River, have a Mediterranean influence.
- Biodiversity and Natural Landscapes: The diverse climate supports a variety of natural landscapes, from the sandy beaches along the Black Sea coast to the dense forests and mountainous regions. These landscapes are home to a rich biodiversity, including various plant and animal species.
- Agricultural Impact: The climate of Bulgaria is conducive to agriculture, supporting a range of crops. The country produces grains, fruits (including grapes for wine-making), and vegetables.
- Climate Change Concerns: Like many countries, Bulgaria faces challenges related to climate change. Issues include increasing temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events, which could impact agriculture, tourism, and natural ecosystems.
- Thermal and Mineral Springs: Bulgaria’s climate and geological conditions have contributed to the presence of numerous thermal and mineral springs, making it a popular destination for spa and health tourism.
In summary, Bulgaria’s temperate climate, with its distinct seasonal variations, supports diverse natural landscapes and ecosystems, making it an attractive destination for various tourism activities, from winter skiing to summer beach holidays. This climate also plays a crucial role in agriculture and the overall lifestyle of the country.
Geography
Bulgaria’s geography is characterized by its diverse landscapes, ranging from mountainous regions to river valleys and a scenic coastline. Here’s a more detailed exploration of Bulgaria’s geography, along with information about its neighboring countries:
- Mountainous Regions: Bulgaria is notably mountainous. The Balkan Mountains cross the country from west to east, dividing it into northern and southern regions. The Rila and Pirin mountains in the southwest have some of the highest peaks in the Balkans, including Musala, the highest point in Bulgaria at 2,925 meters (9,596 feet).
- The Danube River: The Danube, Europe’s second-longest river, forms much of Bulgaria’s northern border with Romania. This river is significant for transportation and agriculture and is a vital water source for the region. Along the Danube, the terrain is predominantly flat and fertile, contrasting with the mountainous regions.
- Black Sea Coastline: The eastern boundary of Bulgaria is marked by its coastline along the Black Sea. This area features wide sandy beaches, coastal lakes, and cliffs. The Black Sea coast is a major draw for tourists, particularly the resorts along the northern and southern coasts.
- Plains and Lowlands: Bulgaria also has plains and lowlands apart from the mountains and the coastal region. The Thracian Plain in the south is known for its agricultural productivity, especially for growing grapes for Bulgaria’s wine industry.
- River Valleys: The country’s landscape is also shaped by several river valleys, including those of the Maritsa and Struma rivers in the southern part of the country. These valleys are important agricultural areas and transportation corridors.
- Climate Influence on Geography: Bulgaria’s varied geography is influenced by its temperate climate, with distinct regional variations that contribute to the diversity of its landscapes and ecosystems.
- Biodiversity: The diverse landscapes of Bulgaria support a rich biodiversity. The country’s forests, mountains, rivers, and coastal areas are home to a wide array of flora and fauna, including many endemic species.
- Surrounding Countries:
- Romania to the north, separated by the Danube River.
- Serbia to the northwest.
- North Macedonia to the southwest.
- Greece to the south.
- Turkey to the southeast.
- Natural Resources: Bulgaria has various natural resources, including coal, bauxite, copper, and gold. Its fertile soils in the river valleys and plains are conducive to agriculture.
- Environmental Challenges: The country faces environmental challenges such as deforestation, soil erosion, and pollution in the Black Sea and the Danube River from industrial and domestic sources.
Bulgaria’s varied geography, from its mountainous regions to its river valleys and Black Sea coastline, combined with its location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, makes it a country of rich natural diversity. This diversity is a key feature of the country’s landscapes and ecosystems and influences its climate, agriculture, and culture.
Resources and Land Use
Bulgaria’s natural resources include bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, and timber. The land use is primarily agricultural, with 46.9% of the land dedicated to agriculture and 36.7% covered by forests.
Population Data
The population is fairly evenly distributed throughout the country, with larger concentrations in urban areas. The aging population and low birth rate are demographic challenges.
Economic Data
Bulgaria’s economy is upper-middle-income, characterized by robust growth and improving living standards. The industrial sector includes electricity, gas, water, and manufacturing.
Drinking Water Source
Improved drinking water sources are accessible to 99% of the population, ensuring good public health and hygiene standards.
Population, Median Age, Migration, and Citizenship
The median age is 44.7 years, reflecting an aging population. Bulgaria experiences a negative net migration rate, indicating more people leaving than entering the country.
Average Number of Childbirths
The total fertility rate is 1.51 children born/woman, below the replacement level, contributing to an aging population.
Is this country a Safe Destination?
Bulgaria is generally a safe destination for travelers, with standard precautions recommended for international tourists.
Healthcare and Infectious Diseases
Healthcare is accessible, with a current health expenditure of 8.5% of GDP. Infectious diseases are typical of the European region.
Natural Hazards
The country is prone to earthquakes and landslides, particularly in mountainous regions.
The Flag and Other Symbols
The national flag consists of three equal horizontal white, green, and red bands. The lion is a significant national symbol, representing strength and independence.
Constitution
The Bulgarian constitution, adopted in 1991, established a parliamentary republic and has been amended several times, most recently in 2015.
Legal System
Bulgaria’s legal system is based on civil law, influenced by Roman law and modern European legal frameworks.
About the Unemployment Rate, Labor Force, and Poverty Line
The unemployment rate was 5.42% in 2021, while the percentage of the population below the poverty line was 23.8% in 2019.
About the Budget and Central Government Debt
Bulgaria’s public debt was 32.24% of GDP in 2020, with revenues and expenditures forming a significant part of the national budget.
Inflation Rate and Prime Lending Rate
The inflation rate was 3.3% in 2021, indicating the economic situation post-COVID-19 recovery.
Export/Import Partners and Data
Key exports include copper, wheat, and electricity, primarily to Germany, Romania, Italy, Turkey, and Greece. Imports from Germany, Russia, and Italy include crude petroleum and cars.
Renewable Energies Used
Renewable energy sources, including solar and wind, are increasingly utilized, although fossil fuels and nuclear power still dominate the energy sector.
Telecommunication Data, Calling Code
The telecommunications infrastructure is growing, with many mobile cellular subscriptions. The country code is +359.
Transport Infrastructure
Bulgaria has a well-developed transport infrastructure, including an extensive road network, railways, and major seaports at Burgas and Varna.
More Interesting Facts
Bulgaria’s rich cultural heritage includes traditional music, dance, costumes, and crafts. It also boasts several UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is famous for its rose oil production, an important component in perfumery.
Did You Know?
- Oldest Country in Europe: Bulgaria is considered the oldest country in Europe that hasn’t changed its name since it was first established. This happened in 681 AD, making Bulgaria over 1,300 years old.
- Home to the Cyrillic Alphabet: The Cyrillic alphabet, used in many Eastern European and Slavic countries, was developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 9th century. It’s named after Saint Cyril, one of the two brothers who created the script.
- Rose Oil Production: Bulgaria is one of the world’s largest producers of rose oil. The Rose Valley, located near the town of Kazanlak, is particularly famous for its rose-growing industry. The oil is highly valued in the perfume industry.
- Rila Monastery: The Rila Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is Bulgaria’s largest and most famous Eastern Orthodox monastery. It’s renowned for its detailed frescoes and unique architecture.
- Highest Peak in the Balkans: Musala, located in the Rila Mountain, is the highest peak not only in Bulgaria but in the entire Balkan Peninsula, reaching a height of 2,925 meters (9,596 feet).
- Diverse Wildlife and Nature: Bulgaria ranks third in Europe in biodiversity, with several rare and endemic species. Its varied landscapes, from mountains to rivers and the coast, provide habitats for a wide range of wildlife.
- Ancient History and Thracians: Bulgaria has a rich ancient history, including being the land of the Thracians, an ancient group known for their goldsmithing skills. The country is dotted with Thracian tombs and artifacts.
- Yogurt Origin: Bulgaria claims the origin of yogurt with its unique bacteria, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, which is crucial in yogurt production. Bulgarian yogurt is known for its distinct taste and health benefits.
- World Bagpipe Festival: The town of Gela organizes an annual bagpipe contest to celebrate the traditional Bulgarian instrument, the kaba gaida. The festival attracts musicians and enthusiasts from all over the world.
- Seven Rila Lakes: The Seven Rila Lakes are a group of glacial lakes situated in the northwestern Rila Mountains. They are a popular hiking destination and are known for their natural beauty and crystal-clear waters.
These fascinating facts about Bulgaria showcase its rich cultural heritage, diverse natural landscapes, and significant contributions to world history and culture.
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