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G7
Group of seven countries: United States, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Canada.
Glossary
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Gabon
Location: Central Africa Official name: Gabonese Republic Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1960 / 1960 Capital city: Libreville Population: 1.5 million / 15 people per sq mile (6 people per sq km) Total land area: 103,346 square miles (267,667 square km) Language(s) spoken: Fang, French (official language), Punu, Sira, Nzebi, …
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Gaia hypothesis
A hypothesis stating that the ecosphere can restore its equilibrium following any disturbance that is not too drastic.
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Gambia
Location: West Africa Official name: Republic of the Gambia Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1965 / 1965 Capital city: Banjul Population: 1.8 million / 466 people per sq mile (180 people per sq km) Total land area: 4363 square miles (11,300 square km) Language(s) spoken: Mandinka, Fulani, Wolof, Jola, Soninke, …
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Ganges river
River in South Asia. an important water resource flowing more than 1,500 miles from its source in a Himalayan glacier to the bay of Bengal.
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Gaza strip
A territory along the mediterranean sea just northeast of the Sinai peninsula. Part of the land set aside for Palestinians, which was occupied by Israel in 1967.
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GDP
Gross domestic product. The value of only goods and services produced within a country in a period of time.
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Gentrification
The social and physical process of change in an urban neighborhood by the return of young, often professional, populations to the urban core.
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Geographic analysis
By giving attention to the spatial aspects of distribution, geographic analysis helps explain the distribution, density, and flow of a given phenomenon.
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Geographic coordinates
Geographic coordinates include rounded latitude and longitude figures for the centroid or center point of a country expressed in degrees and minutes.
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Geographic Information System
Technology that uses digital map information to create a databank. Different “data layers” can be combined to produce specialized maps. GIS allows geographers to analyze different aspects of a specific place to solve problems.
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Geography
The study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth.
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Geologic hot spot
A small area of Earth’s mantle where molten magma is relatively close to the crust. Hot spots are associated with island chains and thermal features.
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Geomorphology
The scientific analysis of the landforms of the earth.
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Geopolitics
The study of geographic factors in political matters, including borders, political unity, and warfare.
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Georgia
Southwest Asia Official name: Georgia Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1991 / 1991 Capital city: Tbilisi Population: 4.2 million / 156 people per sq mile (60 people per sq km) Total land area: 26,911 square miles (69,700 square km) Language(s) spoken: Georgian (official language), Russian, Azeri, Armenian, Mingrelian, Ossetian, Abkhazian …
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Germany
Location: Northern Europe Official name: Federal Republic of Germany Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1871 / 1990 Capital city: Berlin Population: 82.1 million / 608 people per sq mile (235 people per sq km) Total land area: 137,846 square miles (357,021 square km) Language(s) spoken: German (official language), Turkish Main …
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Ghana
Location: West Africa Official name: Republic of Ghana Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1957 / 1957 Capital city: Accra Population: 24.3 million / 274 people per sq mile (106 people per sq km) Total land area: 92,100 square miles (238,540 square km) Language(s) spoken: Twi, Fanti, Ewe, Ga, Adangbe, Gurma, …
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Glacial deposition
In the process of continental and valley glaciation, the deposition of moraines that become lateral or terminal in the act of glacial retreat.
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Glacial scouring
In the process of continental and valley glaciation, the deposition of moraines that become lateral or terminal in the act of glacial retreat.