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Ice cap
A climate and biome type characterized by permanent ice cover on the ground, no vegetation, and a severely long, cold winter.
Glossary
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Iceland
Location: Northwest Europe Official name: Republic of Iceland Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1944 / 1944 Capital city: Reykjavík Population: 300,000 / 8 people per sq mile (3 people per sq km) Total land area: 39,768 square miles (103,000 square km) Language(s) spoken: Icelandic (official language) Main religions: Evangelical Lutheran …
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Ideology
A system of political and/or economic beliefs such as communism, capitalism, autocracy, or democracy.
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Igneous rock
Rock formed by the cooling and solidification of molten materials. Granite and basalt are common types.
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Ijsselmeer
A freshwater lake separated from the north sea by a dike and bordered by polders.
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Immigrant
Immigrant: a person who has come from another country to settle.
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Import cover
The number of months of imports covered by reserves.
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Imports
Imports: goods or services bought from another country.
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Inca
A member of the Quechen peoples of South America built a civilization in the Andes mountains in the 15th and 16th centuries.
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India
Location: South Asia Official name: Republic of India Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1947 / 1947 Capital city: New Delhi Population: 1.21 billion / 1058 people per sq mile (408 people per sq km) Total land area: 1,269,338 square miles (3,287,590 square km) Language(s) spoken: Hindi (official language), English (official …
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Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the no. 3rd contiguous open water surface on earth. It has a huge, 26,469,500 square mile (68,556,000 square km) area and 13,002 square feet (3,963 square meters) average depth. The Indian Ocean’s greatest known depth is 24,46 feet (7,455 meters), which can be found at Sunda Trench.
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Indigenous people
Indigenous people: the first, or native, people of an area or country.
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Indochina
A French colony comprised of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. It won independence from France in 1954.
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Indonesia
Location: Southeast Asia Official name: Republic of Indonesia Formation (date of independence / date current borders were established): 1949 / 1999 Capital city: Jakarta Population: 232 million / 335 people per sq mile (129 people per sq km) Total land area: 741,096 square miles (1,919,440 square km) Language(s) spoken: Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, Bahasa Indonesia (official …
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Indus valley civilization
The largest of the world’s first civilizations in what is now Pakistan. this was a highly developed urban civilization, lasting from 2500 B.C. To about 1500 B.C.
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Industrial Revolution
A period beginning in mid-18th century Britain saw rapid advances in technology and inanimate power.
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Industrialization
The growth of the industry in a country or a society.
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Industry
Industry: the economic activity that is concerned with manufacturing goods or processing raw materials.
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Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths among infants under age one is measured per thousand live births.