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Portugal

Driving Directions Portugal

PORTUGAL, in the southwest corner of Europe, makes up about 15 percent of the Iberian Peninsula. It includes the island groups of Madeira and the Azores in the Atlantic.

Lying to the west of Spain, mainland Portugal has a long Atlantic coastline and is mountainous only in the north, where the mountain ranges are lower extensions of those in Spain. The highest peaks occur north of the River Tejo (Tajo in Spain) in the Sierra da Estrela, reaching a height of 2,000 meters or 6,562 feet. South of the Tejo river lies the wheat fields and cork plantations of the Alentejo region’s extensive plains.

A range breaks these hills that divide them from the coastal plain of the Algarve, with its beautiful groves of almond, fig, and olive trees.

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Poland

Driving Directions Poland

POLAND is situated on the North European Plain with a Baltic Sea coastline. It shares borders with Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Russia (Kaliningrad) to the north, and Belarus and Ukraine to the east.

Poland consists mainly of lowlands. A low-lying narrow coastal plain of sandy beaches and dunes forms most of the Baltic Sea coastline in the north.

The low-lying wooded hills and valleys of the Baltic Heights region lie further inland and then come to the extensive central lowlands, which are crossed by numerous rivers and streams in a series of shallow valleys. There is a region of uplands and valleys in the south, and then the land rises more steeply to form the Sudeten Mountains and ranges of the Carpathian Mountains.

The Plain of Silesia lies in the southwest beyond the Sudeten Mountains.

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The Philippines

Driving Directions Philippines

PHILIPPINES comprises 7,107 islands and islets in the western Pacific, which are scattered over a vast area and form the northernmost group of the Malay Archipelago.

There are four main groups: Luzon and Mindoro to the north, the Visayan Islands in the cen­tre, Mindanao, and the Sulu Archipelago in the south Palawan in the southwest.

Manila, the capital, is on Luzon. The great majority of the islands (6,647) are less than 2.6 square kilometers or 1 square mile in area and uninhabited, and only 11 are of a large enough size to accom­modate the bulk of the population. These are Luzon and Mindanao (the two largest islands), Mindoro, Samar, Masbate, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol, Negros, Panay, and Palawan.

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Peru

Driving Directions Peru

PERU is located just south of the Equator, on the Pacific coast of South America. The country has four topographical regions that run mainly north to south: the Costa, the high Sierra, Montana, and the Selva.

The Costa is a narrow coastal belt that varies in width between about 56-160 kilometers or 35-100 miles. It is mainly a desert region except were traversed by rivers flowing westwards to the Pacific. The valleys of these rivers cultivated for rice, cotton, and sugar cane.

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Paraguay

Driving Directions Paraguay

PARAGUAY is a small landlocked country in central South America. Bordered by Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina and divided into two distinct regions by the River Paraguay.

Paraguay Occidental is the broader region to the west of the river. It consists of a marshy, alluvial plain, which is also part of the Gran Chaco. Much of this area is water­logged swamp in the south and east, but the land rises gradually and gives way to grassy fields and arid scrub forest towards the northwestern border. Paraguay Oriental lies to the east of the River Paraguay and consists mainly of an upland plateau called the Parana Plateau.

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Papua New Guinea

Driving Directions Papua New Guinea

PAPUA NEW GUINEA in the southwest Pacific comprises the eastern half of New Guinea and several archipelagoes and islands, including New Britain, the Bismarck Archipelago, and New Ireland. The other half of New Guinea is Irian Jaya, part of the Indonesian ter­ritory. The main island has a mainly low-lying coast and southern half, but there are spectacular and rugged mountains that form the Highlands from the center to the north.

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Panama

Driving Directions Panama

PANAMA is a narrow, S-shaped isthmus that links Central America and South America. It is only about 177 kilometers or 110 miles across at its widest point. Most of the country is mountainous, although the peaks are modest by Central American standards.

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Palestine

Driving Directions Palestine

PALESTINE is an ancient historical region on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, which is also known as „The Holy Land” because of its symbolic importance for Christians, Jews, and Muslims.

It was part of the Ottoman Empire from the early part of the 16th century until 1917 when Palestine was captured by the British. In 1948, the UN partitioned the region between Jordan and the new state of Israel. This created hos­tility among Israel’s Arab neighbors and Palestinians indigenous to the area, many of whom left.

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Palau

Driving Directions Palau

PALAU is a small republic in the Pacific Ocean, formerly called Belau or Belleau, which gained its independence from the United States trusteeship in 1994. It consists of a small number of volcanic islands and numerous coral atolls in the Caroline Group, about 900 kilometers or 625 miles equidistant from New Guinea to the south and the Philippines to the west.

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